There are so many reasons why we ought to refuse and reject the propaganda-against-confidence, out there. A better-than-expected economy? Dropping crime rates? A working vaccine against malaria and looming extinction for both the Guinea worm and polio? Uneven but steady, incremental steps toward justice... and even progress toward saving the planet!
Please look at these! https://www.abundance360.com/ and https://futurecrunch.com/goodnews2023/
But above all, incredible science! So today let's deal with the science that's actually above it all. In space!
== Let's live up to Ingenuity ==
The little Mars helicopter that could. It's mission is now officially over, due to damaged blades. This may not be the very last hurrah. But still... hurrah little guy.
Meanwhile Japan's SLIM lunar lander bots - a mostly successful ensemble! Though one little pike on top coulda prevented the showoff headstand.... Some of the design concepts emerged from studies funded by NASA's Innovative & Advanced Concepts program - (NIAC).
== Looking out there ==
The Webb Telescope took spectra as a sub-Neptune planet passed in front of its star, letting Webb detect the presence of methane and carbon dioxide in the exoplanet atmosphere, which supported the theory that K2-18 b could indeed be a Hycean (highly oceanic) world… plus evidence of the rare molecule dimethyl sulfide, which might be a strong indicator for the presence of life. On Earth, dimethyl sulfide is created solely as a byproduct of life, most commonly by marine bacteria and phytoplankton.
An infant star! A new image from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has captured what Earth's sun may have looked like when it was only a few tens of thousands of years old. Enhanced images of this newborns are gorgeous!
Also from Webb: carbon, an essential component of life on Earth, is also present within Europa, Jupiter's ice-covered moon that's believed to hold huge oceans of liquid salt water beneath its icy surface.
The riches pouring from the Webb are amazing: a cornucopia! For example, Tellurium, an element rarer than platinum on Earth, was just found in the aftermath of a violent cosmic kilonova 1 billion light-years away, thanks to Webb.
See the James Webb Space Telescopes's views of galaxy M51. And again wow. YOU are a member of a civilization that does this sort of thing. Yet you dare to wallow in gloom and killed confidence? Look at this! You helped pay for the wonder, the competence, the wisdom. Do more.
LIGO my ego! Humanity’s new gravity wave detectors, led by LIGO, are so spectacularly precise that they could parse the tiny difference of arrival time between the g-waves emitted by a neutron star collision 130 million light years away and the subsequent (by just a 2.7 second delay!) arrival of gamma rays then visible light from the same event. Truly wonderful stuff. And humbling that I cannot operate at that plane!
== Space travel & colonization ==
Just getting big rockets to push more stuff out of the Earth’s grip will not be enough for Mars colonization. Other absolutely necessary ingredients will include ISRU facilities robotically utilizing local water to make fuel and air and drinkables, with full tanks before any human departs Earth-Luna space. Also vastly better recycling. And solutions to zero-g and radiation health dangers. And – above all – nuclear interplanetary rockets for shorter transit times.
Speaking of which… this Fission Fragment Rocket Design is one of our projects at NASA's Innovative & Advanced Concepts program - (NIAC).
The one – and only one – verified-likely “lunar resource’ – other than the hot air of Artemis-booster blowhards – is a few somewhat-verified deposits of water-ice in some permanently shaded polar crater areas. Alas, even that attractive bonanza seems to be downgraded. “Deposits of nearly pure ice tens to hundreds of meters thick are no longer expected” according to new research in Physics World. “The outlook for would-be lunar water prospectors isn’t entirely negative, though. “We now have more accurate maps for where the largest concentrations of ice can be expected on the Moon.”
There might also (maybe) be debris fields of collectable iron bits from past meteorites. And if someone develops a very efficient solar smelter, maybe a couple other metals. Someday. But if you want water out there in space… and just about anything else… lift your gaze!
NASA and Japan and the EU should explore the riches of asteroids and leave that dusty plain of poison lunar dust – to the kiddies, tourists and Apollo-wannabes.
Okay… time to cue the insipid Helium Three cult! Over to you guys.
== Look up! But with judgement & skepticism? ==
This BigThink photo-essay by Ethan Siegel does a terrific job illustrating the 'distance ladder' method for measuring the 'Hubble Constant' rate of expansion of the universe, now double checked by the Webb Telescope. This method's metric differs from one got from the microwave background, a conundrum! one you'll understand much better from this excellent piece of sci-journalism.
Failure to find a giant ‘planet X' way out there, perturbing into the inner solar system, has led to models suggesting a smaller one, orbiting closer in. This world, frozen and dark, would be no greater than 3 times the mass of Earth, and orbiting at high inclination no farther than 500 astronomical units from the Sun. Which happens also to be the boundary of the Sun’s gravity-lens zone described in Existence. Hence such a world might (maybe) become an incredible base for making a myriad super telescopes.
Speaking of the outer system… the New Horizons Science Team hopes to use the spacecraft to precisely measure the darkness of space itself. Since it's so dark where New Horizons is – billions of miles beyond the sunlit dust of the inner solar system.
A new study reports ‘conclusive evidence’ for the breakdown of standard gravity in the low acceleration limit from analysis of the orbital motions of long-period, widely separated, binary stars. If verified, this might – maybe – confirm a conjecture of the late physicist Jacob Bekenstein.
A new paper explores a concept closely related to my novel Existence. “Capture of Interstellar Objects in Near Earth Orbit.” Are many near Earth Objects (e.g. close passing asteroids) actually interstellar arrivals (Like ‘Oumuamua) that Jupiter captured into the solar system? I show such a trajectory-event happening (with a little assist from the object itself!) in that epic tale!
== Black Hole ‘Eaters’ inside the sun? Or the Earth? ==
My friend and colleague John Cramer was working on the latest of his wonderful “Alternate View” columns for ANALOG, this time regarding a new paper out there… “Is there a black hole in the center of the Sun?”
Here’s an excerpt from that article’s abstract: “There is probably not a black hole in the center of the sun. Despite this detail, our goal in this work to convince the reader that this question is interesting and that work studying stars with central black holes is well motivated. If primordial black holes exist then they may exist in sufficiently large numbers to explain the dark matter in the universe. While primordial black holes may form at almost any mass, the asteroid-mass window between 10−16−10−10 M⊙ remains a viable dark matter candidate and these black holes could be captured by stars upon formation. Such a star, partially powered by accretion luminosity from a microscopic black hole in its core, has been called a `Hawking star.'”
Phew! John wrote for my opinion, given that my novel Earth is pertinent. Here’s some of my response:
John, your Analog columns are a principal reason to stay subscribed! And this is a fascinating topic! And yes, in Earth the very diverse and eclectic plot is centrally propelled by one protagonist having accidentally dropped his lab-made singularity into the planet. Nearly all physicists are sure it will dissipate... he's not so sure and leads a secret effort to build gravity resonators to 'ping' the planetary interior… and he does find it... and realizes it IS dissipating... but there's another one down there. A more deadly variety of singularity that's been growing since 1908.
Moreover, his ping triggers something unexpected. His surface resonator and the mystery singularity serve as 'mirrors' that excite stimulated, coherent radiation from the energy-rich core and mantle in between. In other words… a gravity laser! Or gazer. The potential range of beneficial uses - like spaceflight or saving the world from getting eaten from within - fall aside as it is used by various groups as a weapon. Till someone notices that all these beams are also doing very strange things to the Earth's mantle... So sure, Earth is relevant to the topic. (It also came in 2nd for a Hugo.)
As for one inside the sun - an intriguing idea that demands compatibility with fundamental observations.
Amid billions of observed stars, we are witnessing no effects of runaway eating of dense stellar interiors, which ought to cause a rather peculiar kind of supernova in its final stages. (This is also an answer to the question of whether super-high-energy cosmic rays - vastly more powerful than any produced by the LHC - could make dangerous black holes.) Hence, if a solar core primordial BH does not do runaway eating, not even when an elderly star shrinks to a super-dense white dwarf or neutron star, then what prevents that?And if growth doesn't happen, they why won't it shrink?
Of course, using asteroid size BH to explain Dark Matter is a version of the MACHO theory. If there's that many of them, it certainly could help explain the Fermi Paradox! Making interstellar travel pretty damn hard because of the Minefield Problem. The problem with this is that they oughta interact with Jupiter pretty often. And wouldn't some get captured into solar orbit? They'd have to all be below a certain mass not to be noticed.
Okay, you can see why I saved that part of my conversation with John Cramer to share with you last.
Keep looking up... and continue fighting those who would sabotage your can-do spirit and confidence!